Tuesday, April 30, 2019

Dangers of Obesity Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Dangers of fleshiness - Research Paper Examplee quality of life and, ultimately, result to death, but because it has become congenial due to cultural beliefs and practices that promote excessive/unwellnessy food and beverage consumption and sedentary lifestyles. obesity is more than a physical disorder because it is a product of modern life that is geared towards lack of responsibility for ones health, a healthcare industry that continues to prioritize treatment of illnesses over prevention, complaisant practices of convenience and sedentary living, and an environment that promotes inactivity and unhealthy consumption beliefs and practices.Obesity is a danger to sympathetic life because it leads to the development of various illnesses and social and emotional consequences. Obesity is connected to many illnesses. Robert Sturm compared the effects of obesity, overweight, smoking, and paradox drinking on health care use and health status using national ken data. He learned that obesity is highly associated with having chronic medical conditions, lower health-related quality of life, and higher health care and medication spending than smoking or problem drinking (Sturm 249). Viren Swami reviews literature on obesity and notes that, according to numerous studies, obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, adult-onset diabetes, hypertension, endometrial, ovarian, and breast cancer, and gall vesica disease (3), and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services confirms these risk factors of obesity. Obesity endangers the great unwasheds health by leading to both lower duration and quality of life. In addition, being obese exposes people to prejudice and discrimination. Rebecca Puhl and Kelly D. Brownell studied discrimination against obese individuals. They learned that discrimination is present in three aspects of society employment, education, and health care (Puhl and Brownell 788). In particular, some teachers think that being obese is the worst that can slide by to people, people are less likely to

Monday, April 29, 2019

Modern states in the Middle East are the product of colonial violence Essay

Modern states in the Middle East are the product of colonial violence. Discuss with source to two countries in the region - Essay ExampleThe earlier caliphate and later empires and sultanates were the political factors that unified Muslims in the lead colonialism (Khadduri 1951, p. 11). Colonialism is to blame for the rise in the nation-state. This is majorly because the colonizers used arbitrary and ad hoc means to create nation-states that were only meant to do some of their particular interests. Good examples to explain this concept are how Kuwait, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq and Jordan were created. Kuwait was created as a yield of the interest that the British had in the oil that was preface in the Persian Gulf. Lebanon, on the other hand, was cut out of Syria to create a state that was friendly to Arab Christians. In the case of Jordan, it was created as a present to King Abdullah for the assistance he offered to the British during the 1st World War (Khalil 1990, p. 54). The ma nner in which intimately of these territories were being re-carved led to increased tensions that were centered on the territorial, linguistic and ethnic differences that existed among Muslims previously. With this in mind, it is correct to taper out that modern states in the Middle East are a product of colonial violence. This reputation will discuss this notion with a focus on how Iraq and Syria were created as a result of colonial violence. ... From that day, Iraq was referred to as the State of Iraq. The state was to begin operating like an independent state because it was forced to grass away from the ties that it had with the rest of the Middle East. The British went ahead and brought King Faisal, who was a Hashemite, to be the ruler of the raw(a) established State of Iraq. The French, who were the colonial masters in Syria, had forced Faisal out of Syria (Omissi 1990, p. 2). The British went further and institute elites from the Sunni Arab people to head major governmen t authorities and ministries. In 1932, Iraq was granted independence by the British after long persuasions by King Faisal. The British, however, did not give up the military bases or the move through rights for their troops. King Faisal died a year later, in 1933, and was succeeded by King Ghazi. During King Ghazis time, military coups were the recite of the day. He eventually died in 1939 and was succeeded by his downstairsage son (Tripp 2002, p. 28). Syria, on the other hand, has a rummy history because some of its sections between 1098 and 1189 AD were under the Germans, Italians, English and French. This was mostly during the crusades that characterized that period. Previously, the region that is today Syria was under army of the Arab Rashidun in 640 AD (Batatu 1999, p. 21). After the period of the crusades, Syria was taken over by the Ottoman conglomerate in 1516. The French came in later in 1920 and established an independent Kingdom known as the Kingdom of Syria. The Kin gdom which did not last for long was under the leadership of Faisal 1 who belonged to the Hashemite family. The Battle of Maysalun is hellish for the short existence of the Kingdom of Syria which only lasted a

Sunday, April 28, 2019

Resource Estimates and Budgets Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Resource Estimates and Budgets - Research composition ExampleThe following discussion will emphasize each natural action in terms of its while and exist resources and identify the variances as a result of differences in the service line and actual performance. intend Planning activity is the first activity of the put up in which 15 old age were specified as baseline duration. Due to efficient utilization of metre, the project team completed this activity in just 12 geezerhood sparing 3 days for the next activity to be commenced. In terms of cost resources, the project team managed to save $4,000 in respect of material cost whereas the company had to pay bare $2,000 for the wages to the labor. Overall, the company performed better and managed to save twain metre and cost resources. Development This was the biggest activity for the project team in terms of both time and cost resources much(prenominal) that the baseline duration for this activity was kept for 44 days and tot al cost estimates were reserved for around $55,000. This activity also went made such that the project team saved 4 days as well as $4,500 on overall basis. Testing After the development, the next activity was the testing of the product which had been developed at the forward stage. Baseline resources for this activity included 10 days of duration and $27,000 in terms of total cost. Since the front two activities saved around 7 days in total, therefore, the testing activity took more time and underwent with serious stress testing procedures. In this whole practice, the project time consumed around 15 days and spent around $27,000. Overall, the activity could not perform up to the mark in terms of both time and cost estimates. Commercial Viability Testing activity led the project to the moneymaking(prenominal) viability of the product such that the product was experienced by different types of consumers and analysts to check how the product is perceived. Baseline resources in ter ms of time and cost were set to be 15 days and $37,000 respectively. The overall activity completed in 13 days saving 2 more days, but the company had to pay the extra cost $3000 for this activity. brand The moment commercial viability was affirmed by the project team and it was decided that the product was ready for its commercial production and launch in the market, the branding activity took place such that effective marketing and announce campaigns were launched by the project team. Around 21 days were kept as the baseline period for the period of this activity and $20,000 were specified as the cost of this activity. Project team almost completed the activity in 20 days with 1 day to spare but, on the other hand, incurred around $21,500 showing an unfavourable variance of $1,500. Product Launch Actual product launch was the last activity of this project and just now 5 days were specified for the completion of this activity, but the activity actually took around 10 days util izing the previous 5 slack days. In terms of cost estimates, the activity was assigned around $20,000 on overall basis. However, the activity underperformed in this activity as well and incurred around $4,000 in excess of the baseline cost of $20,000. Conclusion Overall, the project remained partially successful in achieving its desired results such that time resources throw off been utilized effectively as the project team managed to

Saturday, April 27, 2019

The Stopped voyages and the Stopped Social Improving Essay

The halt voyages and the Stopped Social Improving - Essay ExampleApparently, the initiation of the voyages marked a great Chinese historical period in cultural exchanges and trade.The number of ships in each fleet that Zheng led to the western Sea had about 40 to 60 ships and over 27,000 people. In each envoy, Zheng acted as the business translator and herald of the Ming court. The voyages navigated through various countries where Zheng stopped and presented gifts to the rulers as a perfect way of enhacing cooperation and relationships. Unfortunately, in 1424, Yongle emperor butterfly who was the sponsor of the expensive voyages was murdered in a skirmish touching the Mongols. Zheng could hardly undertake both other voyages, and set out for his last voyage in 1429 before the Hongxi emperor who succeeded Yongle Emperor verboten the voyages in 1433 on the grounds that they were a misappropriation of resources and money. While the emperor did this to circumvent China from foreig n influence, it limited chinas development by cutting trade with the outside world, and advanced Europeans could easily target China (Jessie, 2). It is evident that Chinese voyages had created great contribution to the Chinese culture and Economy and the stopping point of stopping more voyages was undeniably wrong. The Chinese society could have been improved much better if Hongxi Emperor did not stop the voyages.The voyages greatly contributed to growth of trade between China and the outside world as well as spreading Chinese culture to the outside world, factors that contributed to the growth of China. In the ships, there was a myriad of special Chinese products that were meant for the foreign countries such as India and coast of Africa. These included skein, newly realised celadon, enamelware, gauze, and brocade. Noteworthy, during the Tang Dynasty, people in China had already understood the technology of making glass to be heat resistant through addition of

Friday, April 26, 2019

Legality of Drone Strikes by US Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Legality of Drone Strikes by US - Research base ExampleThis research will begin with the statement that the war on terror continues to bring most heated debates among most of the citizens of America, and in fact, the world. It is a wonder why the American government continues to preach for/ on a democratic front at situation, and yet do the complete opposite when it comes to other nations, in particular in the Middle East. The fact that America chooses to play big brother to nations that have problems of their own still remains a mystery. The wars America has been involved in over the last few decades have take to the loss of lives on both frontsand has even led to the questioning of the financial strain the wars are causing. Recently, the U.S. has been called place by some of the many nations on the use of drones to target alleged infrastructure territories. This has, however, not deterred the Obama administration from continuing their assaults on these foreign lands. The U .S. drone wars have affected regions such as Yemen and Pakistan, where the death of an incomparable number of people has risen over the years. This has led to a public outcry, both at home and in the Middle East, as people are losing their lives over a war they feel is unwarranted. Al-Qaeda strongholds are the reasons for these attacks on the Middle East regions, where the Obama administration believes that they are responsible for rooting out the progress to of all that is terror-related

Thursday, April 25, 2019

Employee Motivation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Employee Motivation - Essay manakinAccording to the study during the authors first week at X Corporation, he was assigned to a group of ten individuals, and thier role was to do direct marketing for a product the company was test running. cardinal of them were on permanent employment terms while the new(prenominal) four were remunerated on bursting charge basis. The campaign was to run for four weeks. The product they were to test run is an e genuinelyday commodity and was easy to market. That meat the four commission guys were earning almost ten times more than us, since their commission was billed per product. During the first two weeks of marketing, average sales for the team were at par. We were any pushing product at a very high rate, and the commission guys were making a kill. However, as they entered the third week, sales for the four commission guys started to plummet. They would understand up late for work, and other times express rudeness to clients who were not qu ick to understand, what the product was all about.This research stresses thatin a weeks time, the company would push the product through television, and other mass media and their services would no longer be needed. One of them told me that he would be willing to dole out his huge commission for a more secure role at the company.This scenario resonates with an article on employee pauperization published in the November 26th 2013 Issue of Forbes magazine on employee motivation.

Wednesday, April 24, 2019

Hands-on Learning Motivates Students in the Science Classroom Thesis

Hands-on Learning Motivates Students in the Science Classroom - Thesis ExampleReferences 27 6.0. Appendices 28 6.1. Appendix 1 Student Survey Questionnaire 28 6.2. Appendix 2 Teacher-To-Be Survey Questionnaire 29 6.3. Appendix 3 Results of Test-Retest Reliability Analysis 30 List of Tables Table 1. Gender and Age visibility of Grade 10 Student Respondents 7 Table 2. Gender and Age Profile of Teacher and Student-Teacher Respondents 8 Table 3. Detailed Data Analysis Plan 12 Table 4. Student Level of interest group on Lecture 19 Table 5. Level of Student Interest on Hands-On Activities 20 Table 6. Students Preferred Method in Science Teaching 21 List of Figures Figure 1 Why Students Take the Science Course 13 Figure 2 What the Students Like to Do in the Science Classroom 14 Figure 3 Frequency of Conducting Group Activities 16 Figure 4 Perceived Usefulness of Labs or Hands-On Activities 16 Figure 5 Student Understanding of Concepts with Hands-On Activities 17 Figure 6 Teaching Method T hat Helped Students Better 18 1.0 Introduction The shape active learning means learning through doing (Gardiner, 2005, para.2). Hands-on learning is used commonly in the science classroom to describe a form of learning where learners investigate and develop understanding of a scientific concept by active involvement in an activity or an experiment (Gardiner, 2005). Askell-Williams and Lawson (as cited in Brophy, 2010) reported that middle school students frequently mention hands-on activities when asked about interesting elements of lessons, together with features which satiate their need to for independence, competence and relatedness, experiments, outdoor learning, design projects, and innovative and creative assignments. Meanwhile, high school students enjoy classes for divergent reasons, and tend to rate highly those related to learning, creation,... Grounded on the findings of the study, all groups of respondents demonstrated their concurrence with the thesis report that hands-on learning motivates students in the science classroom. The following conclusions were drawn for the specific objectives of the study.This report makes a conclusion that the uniqueness of each separate is one of the perplexities of humankind. Even twins give up different castigate of fingerprints and different ways of learning carriages and preferred teaching method. Even student teachers who are well-versed on the capacity of various teaching methods prefer different teaching styles. The experienced science teachers recognized such individual differences and attributed different favorite teaching styles to such differences. The teachers declared that there is no one single style which can help develop the cognitive competence of students in science. In some concepts, however, one or a combination of two methods have proven to be more efficient that other styles. Teachers have to be aware of student preference and needs to adapt lessons and activities to these varying ne eds. The Science teachers enumerated several advantages and disadvantages of hands-on activities. Among the advantages identified were hands-on activities enable students to experience scientific phenomena through experiments with physical materials these activities teach a student in planning investigations, utilization of scientific instruments, and in the collection, recording, and analysis of data.

How Do Employees Of XXX Perceive the Effectiveness of the Companys Research Paper - 1

How Do Employees Of XXX Perceive the Effectiveness of the Companys Staff judgment System - Research Paper ExampleIn light of the research question, what constitutes an effective performance judgment needs to be determined first, in order to appreciate, identify with and empathize with module perceptions. Personal victimisation is a necessary element for both personal and organizational benefits, and performance appraisals argon the best marrow of identifying the training needs of staff, as well as being a formationatic mechanism for evaluating the standards of staff performance, determining salaries and advancements and detecting any factors that impinge on staff effectiveness. An effective appraisal system is wizard that considers cultural values (Feng, Foster & Healing), that is perceived by staff as being fair and acceptable, that is a reciprocal cooperation between staff and management and one that is appropriate to daily duties (Duraisingam & Skinner, 2005). Such a system fosters staff satisfaction and motivation. A number of factors other than performance appraisal methods must be considered when exploitation a new and effective system other factors that might explain staff perceptions of personal appraisals are fairness and cultural awareness. Kavanagh, Benson & Brown (2007) discuss theoretical support for performance appraisal processes and explain that such support is evidenced in tame theory and social exchange theory (p.134). Process control theory proposes that staff perceptions of fairness are related to the degree of control each expendee is able to employ at bottom the process (Konovsky, 2000, p.493 cited in Kavanagh, Benson & Brown, 2007). Social exchange theory, on the other hand, refers to relationships that entail unspecified afterlife obligations (Kavanagh, Benson & Brown, 2007, p. 134), wherein the way management treats employees is of significance. Fairness, therefore, may be perceived in relation to the amount of control an e mployee has within the process and the way in which their appraiser handles the process.

Tuesday, April 23, 2019

Primate comparison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Primate comparison - Essay ExampleThe diet of the animal includes sap, fruit, arthropods as well as nectar.The animal unlike other animals such as the Bengal boring Loris does not in any means show forms of sexual dimorphism with an increase in weight. In fact, the vestigial tail that exists within the animal is a great deal hidden beneath the fur and is reduced to what understructure be described as a stump. The hierarch has a toothcomb this means that it has six teeth that are forward facing on the bottom of the trounce (Wiens, 2002). These teeth are mainly incisors and canine teeth. The structure of these teeth is ofttimes used to graze dour gum when it comes to the process of foraging. The animal excretes a brawny smelling fluid from the glands used in communication. The Sunda Slow Loris much moves swiftly through trees with its four limbs.Callithrix pygmaea often known as the pigmy marmoset can be described as new world monkey species that is often native to Peru, Brazi l, Bolivia and Colombia. Its range often stretches expansively over the Andrean foothills of the Southern Colombia to the Southeastern Peru (Townsend, 2001). The pygmy marmosets often live and thrive in a multistratal river edge forests at different and diverse lower evaluations. The pygmy marmosets are often described as the smallest extant monkeys, this is because they have an average body length of 13 cm. The animal has a coat of batter as well as grey fur that is marked with discolor, green as well as black ticking on the head. Infants initially have grey heads as well as yellow coats that are covered with black ticking and they exhibit the adult pattern with the first month life. Although the pygmy marmosets are not often considered as being sexually dimorphic, the females are often known to be slightly heavier than the males. Longer hair that exists around the face as well as the neck often gives the pygmy pygamae the facade of a lion like mane. The animal has hindlimbs are often

Monday, April 22, 2019

Article review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Review - Article ExampleIt is important to note that this business is not restricted to a particular group of individual since any psyche can engage in it. For instance, a person operating a small candy shop who has not been licensed is participating in an hole-and-corner(prenominal) economy because he or she is not willing to pay taxes on income received from business sales. Additionally, it is in truth difficult to approximate what percentage of a countrys economy is undercover but it has been argued that capitalistic countries equal United States of America have a smaller undercover economy compared to socialistic countries like Russia (Pascale 2010). When people evade paying their taxes, it is dangerous to the economy. If people do not engage in a cash transaction activity, their money in the bank does not get work as disbursed due to the undercover economy, then that capital does not account for anything thus having zero impact to the individual and to the larger economy.T he underlying assumptions are that a person engages in undercover economy in order to hold the increasing costs of living due to inflation and stagnant salaries. Most of this people live in rural areas and some are not aware that they participating in undercover economy. In intimately cases, big firms are the ones that escape stringent policies set by the government because they tend to pay lavishly taxes than any other business. There is no distinction between transparency and undercover economy in the government and business sector. Government and big businesses usually play games with taxpayers funds.The secondary claims in this article is that undercover economy is beneficial to the individual since he or she is in a position to use more money to fund his or her activities. However, the undercover economy greatly affects the nations GDP because there is no tolerable capital to fund government projects and

Sunday, April 21, 2019

Gender & Sexual Studies. Joan Acker-Class Question, Feminist Answers Assignment

Gender & Sexual Studies. Joan Acker-Class headway, Feminist Answers - Assignment ExampleAcker uses the barrier to delineate the general position of women and how the society has come to accept and practice the dictates of hegemonic masculinity which is an extension of the patriarchal leanings. In the book, Acker talks of the general imbalance of men and women in senior position and privileged positions within our corporations. She explains that this is no way a reflection of education but representative of hegemonic masculinity. In practice, the bourn implies that our society is lock laden with gendered inequality. This prompts questions and effort on how such inequality can be addressed to achieve a balanced society that does not judge on gender but on ability. Beyond the book, the term can be used in creating awareness on how gender biasness has created a chasm in our society. Question 2-Means of provisioning Acker constantly uses the term provisioning to describe the activiti es that people engage in, mostly informal, to be able to cater for their sancti sensationd needs. She cites activities such as babysitting as a means of provisioning. In a wider scope, and in social intercourse to the economy, means of provisioning appears to refer to all activities that hold the capacity to provide a means of livelihood for members of different classes within an economy. An example of how she uses the term is in her efforts to define class in this instance she cites class as a differing and unequal situation in access to and control over the means of provisioning and survival (Acker 55). The term implies a struggle between classes, an effort to compete for the limited economic means which are mostly beneficial in ensuring livelihood. Question 3-Corporate Nonresponsibility In Ackers view, corporate nonresponsiblity represents a situation where modern mean solar day corporations pass on certain responsibilities, mainly survival and caring work, to households. Th is places greater responsibility to women who are in essence home keepers. Through corporate nonresponsibility, organizations relay responsibility from centers of wealth and power to those with little resources. In a large scope, Acker uses this term to bring into perspective the role of wealth centers, mainly corporations, in combination the culture of class suppression and gender biasness. This is because these centers refuse to take on responsibilities that would otherwise grant women a favorable chance in competing for opportunities in the corporate world. In the book, Acker uses the term severally, but perhaps one situation where she draws on a practical illustration is when she notes Wal-Mart as an example of corporate nonresponsibility. She notes the corporation as a prime example of corporate nonresponsibility mainly by turning workers into lowest cost, easily replaceable, factors of intersection (Acker, 162). Question 4-Unpaid Labor/reproductive labor Unpaid labor or repr oductive labor is brought to the forrad in an attempt to describe the value and contribution of women to a capitalist economy. In essence, it represents labor that is very not compensate but one that has value to the economy. An example of owing(predicate) labor is domestic labor. In her larger argument, Acker appears to monetize this class of labor and also brings into perspective the idea that women are basically the victims of unpaid labor. In this context, she appears to link unpaid labor and the unfortunate position of women whose efforts are not duly compensated and whose position is majorly determined by the men they support. An example of how

Saturday, April 20, 2019

Case study - Complex fluid and electrolyte balance Essay

Case study - Complex fluid and electrolyte balance - Essay spokespersonThe symptoms vary from one person to another depending with the underlying cause and they include fatigue, edema, fluid gathering, nausea, loss of passion and weight, abdominal pain, etc. There are several other conditions that are associated with congestive heart hardship (Jeffrey & Barry, 2007).Congestive heart failure is diagnosed clinically based on the patients medical history. This is important because it could disclose the initiation of some of the symptoms or even associated diseases. A physical examination on breath sounds, swelling of the legs or neck is done to determine the presence of excessive body fluid, pulse rate and heart sizing are also recommended physical exams (Sosin, Bhatia, Lip, & Davies, 2006). Diagnostic tests such as areechocardiogramam ( employ to show the heart image), and chest X-rays cardiogram aare done so as to detect any previous attacks, arrhythmia to show fluid accumulation and heart enlargement (Plantz & Adler, 2002). This condition can be treated through the use of analgesics, inotropic, nitrates, and diuretics. These medications are used to alleviate the symptoms associated with the disease. The ultimate treatment could be a heart transplant which is very risky or a surgery depending on the underlying cause. (Yancy & Firth, 1988)This is a viral or bacterial airway transmission system that affects the lungs. Its main symptoms include a hefty cough that comes with, difficulty in breathing, pain in the chest, and heavyset mucus. Mr. B has all these symptoms and his chest has to be monitored because it could lead to a heart attack. The shortness of breath is brought astir(predicate) by fluid accumulation in the lungs and its surroundings. Chest infections can be life threatening or mild, it is worse when one has a congestive heart failure disease (Choi, Ryter, & Levine, 2013).Mr. B is suffering from peacefulness apnoea-hypopnoea (snore) as indicate d by the breath sounds. It is a disorder mostly associated with

Friday, April 19, 2019

Exploring the relationship between digital Architecture and digital Essay

Exploring the relationship between digital Architecture and digital lie - undertake ExampleAs a issuance of fact, it emerges that the relationship between the two is solely responsible for the change magnitude automation in the construction industry. T sufficient of Contents Abstract 2 Introduction 4 digital architecture 5 Digital fabrication 6 Digital architecture versus digital fabrication 8 Case study Greater London Authority 12 Discussion 15 Conclusion 17 Reference 19 Table of figures Figure 1 Paradigmatic shift in digital pattern 8 Figure 2 levels of digital computability 9 Figure 3 Mercedes Benz Museum 10 Figure 4 Cecil Belmonds Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 11 Figure 5 Weaire-Phelan structure and Water pulley block 12 Figure 6 Greater London Authority 13 Figure 7 Programmed argue elements 14 Introduction At a epoch when art and envision are intertwined and increasingly sophisticated, generating ideas and fabrication of the ideas into items for reflection and evaluation of the conceptualized creativity is important. Conventionally, painters produce sketches as items of their creative processes explore composition possibilities in roll of pencil drawings before finalizing the paintings. On the other hand, Architects explore lots of design possibilities via sketching of designs, hard-line drawings, physical models, as well as manufacturing artifacts for diverse ideas exploration. In the modern world, architects cook adopted digital design in manufacturing of digits and spaces including advanced technologies, which include, generative modeling methods using parametric modeling as well as hound dog scripting. Modern architects traditionally generate multiple ideas in form of sketches in order to be able to further narrow down possible solutions to design and manufacturing challenges. Throughout the entire design history, lots of efforts have been put forth in facilitation of the process of generating ideas. Past literature invest various endeavors ranging from creative design methodologies to high-end technological solutions. Basing from the technology-methodological analysis perspective, there still are lots of innovative technological advances and challenges in design methodology application in multiple circumstances, which can be abridged together. Digital design and fabrication solutions present extensive potentials for integration into creative design process given that it offers possibility of availing tangible artifacts to existence where imaginativeness of the mind is exceeded. Designers conventionally attempt rationalize their designs. Creation of study models, mock-ups and test prototypes are amongst approaches often employ in validation of utility of designs. These multiple methods considered are treated as post-design evaluation methods. Typically, by the time a prototype comes to focus group session, lots of decisions will already reached. As a matter of fact, in conventional design processes, critical decision s are reached on the paper. Micro design integration decisions shape products. Nonetheless, what makes the process realistic are the skills and experience levels that the designers exhibit. On the other hand, designers and fabricators are conventionally limited by skills they possess as well as various other parameters. However, digital design and

Thursday, April 18, 2019

Business Systems Analysis and Design Coursework - 2

Business Systems Analysis and Design - Coursework ExampleThese people are speculate to carry out an analysis of the different data on workers. After the analysis they leave behind repay an appraisal account. 4. Employees receive their appraisal report. This report will show whether an employee has been attending to duties in the correct flair stipulated by the company. CATWOE checklist from HR manager The appraisal scheme owned by the human resource locating is to provide the senior managers with attendance information. The hr department clerks collect data on an employees measure in and out time. The data on the staff attendance is transformed to give an appraisal report for each and every employee. The appraisal is carried out by the human resource manager using the dodging to provide data on promotion. The ashes will produce quick reports which will be up to date. The system reduces the time the human resource department takes to do an appraisal. Employees The appraisal system owned by the Human resource department of Buckie cooperative society is to monitor our works progress. Different workers will be required to feed their personal data into the system. The system will transform the data and give a final report on production of workers. The system will make the working environment to be unfriendly due to the monitoring process. The human resource department will use the system to take for or fire employees according to the monitoring report. MD of the Buckie Cooperative Society The staff appraisal system as owned by the Buckie cooperative society. The human resource department is to collect data on workers from the different departments and feed into the system. The system will analyze the data and give data on the outmatch performing department. The system will look good performance in the different departments of the company. The world chance is that the system will improve on the decision making of managers. Line managers The appraisal sy stem as owned by Buckie cooperative society. The line managers will be necessitated to provide data on the working progress of their employees. The system will analyze the data and give a report on the fecund line and the unproductive line. The system will be used to identify the line of productions that will be shut and which to be maintained by senior managers. The world view of the system is that it will ensure profitability of the company by eliminating unproductive lines. Conceptual models of the system Line Managers Employees HR manager MD of the Buckie Cooperative Society Problems that will be encountered Resistance of system by the workforce The company employees will see this system as a way to curtail their freedom. This will make them resist the word sense of the system by either refusing to use it. These employees refusal to use the system will make it useless to the society. This enigma will be addressed by educating the staff on the need of this system. They will be take to be shown the positive part of the implementation of the system. Some of the positive things will be, there will no favoritism in promoting workers because the system will always give correct data. Support of the top focusing is also important. This will come in place because they are the one who will see into it the system is used. The top leadership is mostly made up of decision makers who will be required to instruct the help of the system in things like making promotion decision. Lack of necessary Infrastructure for carrying out The system might be developed but cannot be deployed on a

Wednesday, April 17, 2019

Pidgins and Creoles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Pidgins and Creoles - Essay ExampleOne important point raised is the row age. The creole language which can be termed as the mother of languages as that is where language originated from has been in organism for centuries and hence it is considered as old language. The rest of the languages have new-fashionedly been created and they keep on evolving as eon goes by. They can therefore not be categorized the same as the Creole language. The more recent the language evolved, the younger it is. The other issue raised is nigh the evolution of languages from simple to more complex ones. The creole language was very simple in terms of grammar and writing but as it evolved, it became much(prenominal) more complicated as well as organized. This is an indication that evolution of language can be equated to evolution of organisms which as they evolve become much more organized and less simple to represent as well as write (DeGraff, 2001). The article was indeed an education lesson for me. I had very bitty prior knowledge of the creoles and more so their huge input in language. My understanding was based on the literature that their language has simple grammar and issue that still remained under debate from linguists but none offered fine-tune explanations about them. I am now in a better position having understood about the how the Creoles language simplicity and its maintenance of origin has made it a highly researched and subject of reference in as far as evolution of language is concerned. I am able to understand that the occurrence that their language has not undergone.

Compatitive Strategy and Innovation Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Compatitive Strategy and Innovation - Case Study exemplarSo what made them so different from the rest in the corporate jungle to bring intimately rather such exquisite products or service offerings that consumers lapped up them in time The answer sound lies in the fact that these guys are not only great entrepreneurs, techno honchos, and brilliant chaps but rather they eternally understood that to stay ahead in the rat race of corporate tussle you have to delay a tab on the pulse of the consumers. The key always lies among them. Again a different sendure can very wellhead be that these guys were great practi oners of marketing principles and understood the 4Ps of Marketing very well enough to always come up with great products and services which mapped the consumer needs so well that directly they are all in the list of Forbes 500. These people could create an idea which held the attention of millions together and wherefore they had the brilliance to turn the attention int o a long term association and loyal purchase.Apart from corporate and brass sections, we also certainly cant ignore the everyday debuts we make in our daily lives, from mending a sincere broken cigarette to finding ways how to make life simpler by implementing certain simple and unexpected of innovative ideas and processes which actually makes life simpler and smoother. On the whole what I am trying to say is that innovation can be brought about by virtually whateverbody at any place and at any point of time, but to commercialize it one necessarily needs to catch the corporate route. So lets represent and understand how certain key players in our society have unraveled innovations to make life simpler and technologically progressive. To take a prime example well concentrate on Mr. Steve Jobs the CEO for orchard apple tree Inc. He along with Steve Wozniak started Apple Computers in their garage in 1976. From their onwards to revolutionizing the computer world with iMacs and th e medication industry with his concepts in music download i.e iTunes and iPod. We have seen a man change from being extremely bull headed to becoming one of the foremost leaders of the 21st century. From getting ousted from Apple to starting up NEXT and Pixar Animations, this is one psyche who has learnt from his own mistakes and has decided to take Apple to newer heights and as once envisioned as a young entrepreneur.When Steve Jobs was ousted from Apple Inc, it was pretty well known as to why he was removed from his post as Chairman. His overbearing and prejudiced management style and constant conflict with then CEO bum Sculley (Steve Jobs Transforms Apple), as emergence by the time he left it was assumed that Apple was in acceptable hands now. But the company may have had taken the decision in haste as it had removed one person from the organization whose core skills lay in product innovation. As a result when he joined back again in 1997 it was very well known that the orga nization needed some new product offerings apart from iMac Slim and its desktop variants. As a result by 2005 he had come

Tuesday, April 16, 2019

Morning Java Descriptive Essay Essay Example for Free

Morning Java Descriptive Essay EssayJava Startled by my alarm, I stretch my arm out from under the covers and search frantically in the dark to put an block off to the obnoxious sound. I feel around for my lamp and switch it on, keeping my position until my eyes adjust to the light. to begin with I ever get out of bed, Im already overwhelmed thinking of my many tasks for the day. When motivation is scarce, there is only one thought that brings me out of my cozy, warm bed and to my feet. Waiting to be make is a fresh, boosting cup of morning coffee. Confronting the seemingly arctic air, I slide my feet into fuzzy, pink slippers and head for the kitchen.I make a quick stop at the thermostat, crank up the heat, then b-line it to the stainless nerve coffee pot that used to belong to my Grandmother. Sitting next to the pot is a bright going Folgers can. Holding it up close to my face, I crack open the lid and am instantly smiling with the robust scent of ground coffee beans. Po ssibly being the only me time of the entire day, the stoicism of the early morning combined with the delicious aroma of coffee brewing is greatly treasured. Reaching into the console table containing the coffee mugs, I instinctively push through them until my favorite one is spotted.Dulled out yellowed with a small chip on the handle, it displays markings from years of the dishwashers wear and tear. I shoot the steamy drink into the old cup and sip cautiously. No sugar or cream diluting the flavor, I savor the dark coffee and smile with approval. Trusty mug in hand, I sit stamp out to catch a quick glimpse of the morning news. Its warmth cushions the chill I get from the roseola forecast flashing across the screen. Cold, weary, and fatigued, I sip as fast as I can, goading the rich, caffeinated liquid to hit me as soon as possible.I hear my two year old, gag with the flu, stirring around in his crib. I k instanter it wont be long from now until he is protesting and ultimatel y waking my other children. With medicine to be given, breakfast to be made, and children to be dressed, its a mystery how I will make it out of the house with my shoes on. But I continue sipping my powerful beverage and before I know it my tiredness fades. Buzzing around the house, I take on the morning tasks with a renewed sense of warmth and liveliness. Knowing without a doubt, this coffee comes from my ritualistic morning coffee session.

Monday, April 15, 2019

Food Insecurities Essay Example for Free

sustenance Insecurities analyseHave you ever seen a person yell at his colleague or his partner, overreacting on a particular calculate that has caused non and the person who got yellight-emitting diode at to feel annoyed, but also thirdly parties who know about it or remove witnessed the scene? For the many who do not desire to get into the mess, or has enough logic sense to not judge immediately, they give close believably give out a fair statement and try to reason out that persons overreaction by saying he probably had a bad day or he probably has dilemma at home. However, if we take a bit closer and look closely, all of us leave fifty-fiftytually realise that it all goes down to sensationness matter insecurity.Insecurities be not virtuallything new and unfamiliar to the human kind. Everyone has insecurities, regardless of whether they realise it or not. The Oxford Dictionary defines insecurity as the uncertainty or anguish about oneself or lack of confid ence. Insecurities exist in every living soul on this planet. money box today, it is still seen as a ban matter as not many have address this unfreeze in proper ways using proper mediums. Most p arnts dont even talk about it and shove it away when their children decide to speak up about it. Little do pack know that the slightest things in life be the ones that add up to our insecurities.The amount of insecurity in a person differs from one to the opposite. The types of insecurities that one possesses also vary. The near third estate type of insecurity is natural insecurity. Lets face it human beings are never satisfied. Even when you have all the separate of the body needed to sustain and go through your daily routine with ease, you still beg for more. round want healthier and shiner hair, some want to be taller, but most importantly, everyone wants something. It is not that human beings as an individual who face insecurities, but also countries and states.Currently, th e world is looking at the issue of food insecurity, which is also classified as a type of insecurity. Food security whitethorn be said as the availability of food and ones annoy to it. Hence, the unite Nations have delineate food security as all people at all times having both(prenominal) visible and economic access to the basic food they need. For more than 2 billion of people on this planet, they are lucky to not worry about this form of insecurity. However, we might not realise this but this matter is more complicated than it seems. Food securities may result from many different causes.It is imperative that we focus on why are the food insecure, and why are the people are food insecure. Among the most common causes of food insecurities are drought and extreme weather changes. This setback, which is very comm save faced by third world countries, usually ranges from overnight floods to droughts. In short, the climate changes faced by these countries are extreme. In most Afri can countries, like Nigeria, droughts are not new to them. It has been a setback since the time of their ancestors nonetheless, they are lost(p) at it and have no distinguishback on solving this matter.In many comparisons throughout time, some of the most severe food crises were all preceded by drought or by other in like manner extreme weather events. These extremities result in poor and failed harvests which in turn results food scarcity and tall prices of the available food. As mentioned in the humor and Development Knowledge Network report entitled Managing Climate Extremes and Disasters in the Agriculture Sectors Lessons from the IPCC SREX Report, such force of nature causes impacts which forget accommodate not only food insecurity, but changing productivity and livelihood patterns, economic losses, and impacts on the infrastructure.Besides that, the natural election base for the poor and food-insecure is invariably narrow and, in many areas, fragile. With the exception of Uganda only 4 to 10 percent of the land area is classed as arable, and just a small area of land qualified for rainfed cultivation. The greatest numbers of poor people are concentrated in the arid and semi-arid ecosy roots and on borderline land in the higher rainfall parts of the region. It has become axiomatic to say that poverty is one of the main causes of environmental degradation.This can be seen all too clearly in the farming of occupy slopes, which takes place as an increase population is forced to cultivate marginal land. The falling crop yields that restrict the marginal areas are a result of the loss of massive quantities of topsoil throughout the region, declining soil mellowness as fallow systems are replaced by continuous cultivation, reductions in soil organic matter as manure is burnt for fuel, and shrinking holding sizes. However, the poor are also the most vulnerable to environmental degradation because they depend on he exploitation of common property reso urces for a greater make do of their incomes than richer households do. In the rangelands, the evidence for long-term secular environmental degradation is ambiguous. The successive cyclical growth and dec of herds reflects cycles of rainfall and rangeland productivity, and is perfectly normal. As animals die in large numbers, the rangelands recover remarkably quickly. However, when there is a major drop in the number of animals, the people who depend on them for their livelihoods also suffer.Development programmes that have sought to increase animal production on rangelands through water development and animal ailment prevention have all too often failed to find, at the same time, sustainable ways of increasing animal nutrition, so the resulting increased numbers of animals may wreak havoc on the range itself. some of the available freshwater resources are in river basins and lakes that extend beyond the boundaries of individual nations.Shared water resources include lakes Victo ria, Albert, Edward, Kivu and Turkana and major rivers such as the Blue Nile, White Nile, Atbara, Awash and Shebele. The potential for developing irrigation from these sources is con progress toed by the problem of achieving agreement on sharing the resources and avoiding conflict. Although natural climatic factors have played their part in the process of desertification, in general, it is increased population and the related development of unsustainable production systems that have had most negative impact on the fragile natural resource base.Wood and manure have remained the main sources of house servant energy, even in urban centres. This situation has contributed to depleting the forest and range resources, resulting in an overall decrease in biomass and biodiversity, reduced water infiltration and increased runoff and soil erosion. These factors, which contribute to the impoverishment of ecosystems, have led to a vicious circle of environmental degradation, lower system resilie nce to erratic rainfall, decreased artless productivity and increased poverty and food insecurity.Not only that, the cause of food insecurity in these third world countries are also caused by the poor state of development and maintenance of roadstead and transport, energy sources and telecommunications in the marginal areas of countries in the Horn of Africa makes it difficult for these areas to become integrated into the national and regional economy. As with all other indicators of development, the countries of the region have some of the trounce figures worldwide with respect to access to roads and water supply.A recent report suggests that, in terms of access to infrastructure, the gap betwixt Africa and the rest of the world has widened over the past 15 years. The sparse road and communications earnings hampers necessity relief operations as well as the commercialization of the rural economy. The density of the road network in the countries of the region gives an idea of b oth how difficult it is to reach people in rural areas with run and the problems such people face in participating in the market economy.For example, in Ethiopia, every km of road serves 72 km 2 and 3 000 people, compared with only 8 km 2 and 850 people in North Africa. Even after strenuous efforts by development agencies and NGOs, access to a discase water supply is still an unobtainable luxury for most rural inhabitants in the Horn. Piped systems are anomalous in rural areas and protected wells and hand pumps are the best that rural communities can expect. The cargo of collecting water, as with so many other menial tasks, falls almost exclusively on women in the communities, who must spend many hours each day collecting water from unsafe sources.The statistics on access to water and sanitisation reveal wide differences within the region. In three countries, namely Eritrea, Ethiopia and Somalia, only one-quarter of the population has access to safe water, and in two others (t he Sudan and Uganda) the figure is less than 50 percent. Access to sanitation is as low as 13 percent and, except for Kenya, barely exceeds 50 percent anywhere. In addition to that, the indicators of access to social services in the countries that face the setback of food insecurity are also among the lowest in the world.While the average figures are bad enough, they mask fundamental inequalities in access to services within the region. Again, rural areas, especially remote, low-potential areas are the least well served. Nomadic and semi-nomadic pastoralists are the most difficult populations to provide services to and, consequently, they are invariably the ones with the poorest health services and least education. completely these indicators, combined with malnutrition and poor access to safe water, have adverse consequences for productivity and for the long-term physical and cognitive development of people in the region.Also, let us not forget the fact that crop and plants as wel l face diseases. Diseases affecting livestock or crops can have devastating cause on food availability especially if there are no emergency back-up plans in place. For example, an epidemic of stem rust on husk which was spreading across Africa and into Asia in 2007 caused major concern. A virulent wheat disease could destroy most of the worlds main wheat crops, leaving millions to starve. The fungus had spread from Africa to Iran and may already be in Pakistan. A different threat, on the other hand, has attacked the African continents second biggest crop wheat.In 1999, 50 years since the last outbreak, a contemporary and virulent strain of stem rust attacked the Ugandan crops. Its spores then travelled to Ethiopia and Kenya, before appearing in Iran last year. The Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nation (FAO) has given warning to six other countries in the underlying and South Asia to be prepared and keep an eye for symptoms of this new strain while scientists in t he United States of America are working diligently in searching for a resistant that combats this problem.It is important that the recreate for this will be obtained quickly as in India alone more than 50 million lowly farmers are at risk because they depend on wheat for their food and earnings. Most importantly, we must not overlook that politics and dictatorship also play a role in food insecurity. many an(prenominal) do not realise that politics play a part in something as atrocious as this. As mentioned by Nobel Prize-winning economist Amarya Sen, There is no such thing as an nonpolitical food problem. It is more often than not that the administration of the unpolished that determines its severity, or even whether the famine will occur. If truth be told, the 20th century is full of examples of governments undermining the food security of their own nations. Let us take a look at Nigeria, Africas most densely inhabited state, where a legacy of corrupted governance and an ec onomy based primarily on oil exports has left the agriculture welkin significantly undermined, leaving millions of Nigerians in deep hunger.True, the neighbouring countries export food to Nigeria in exchange for money, but hark back the people in these neighbouring countries need food too. And they are much poorer than those living in Nigeria. It was reported by the United Nations that thousands of children in countries neighbouring Nigeria died because of malnutrition. These kids paid the price not because of food shortage in their country, but because of food shortage in Nigeria. The distribution of food is often a political issue in most countries.The government will always give priority to urban areas and cities, since most influential and supplyful families and enterprises are located there. The ruling government over and over again for generations overlooks the subsistence farmers and rural areas in general. In other words, the more rural an area, the less likely the gover nment will pay attention to solving its needs. Whats more is that the governments of these countries would normally keep the price of basic grain at extremely low levels that subsistence farmers cannot accumulate comfortable capital to make investments to improve their production.Hence, they are prevented from getting out of their precarious situation. In addition, food has always been a political arsenal by the dictators and warlords, where they reward their supporters and deny food supplies to those areas that are against them. Under this condition, food has become more like a currency instead of a basic need that cannot be denied rights of. Food has become the money to buy support and used against the opposition. Even in Guatemala, income inequality is amongst the worst in the world, with indigenous communities at a disadvantage.In some areas, an estimated 75 percent of the children, ranging from infants to children ages six and vii years old, are severely malnourished. And thi s is a shocking statistic relating food scarcity coming from a country that is merely a four-hour flight away from the USA. Furthermore, it was pointed out in William Bernsteins 2004 publication entitled The parturition of Plenty that individuals without property will lead to starvation and it is much easier to bend the fearful and the hungry to the will of the state.If a farmers property can be arbitrarily threatened by the state, that power will inevitably be used to intimidate those with different political and religious opinions. It is fundamental and life-or-death that we understand and be aware of the consequences of this global food scarcity. The effects might be similar to the effects of malnutrition and hunger, where, at the outset, the human population will be affected greatly in the sense where scrubby growth may occur. The stunting starts in when the baby is still in the mothers womb and happens till the age of three.Once stunting happens, giving proper nutrition to t hese helpless children will not help in reversing the damage or improving the childs condition. Pregnant mothers who do not receive the correct amount of nutrition needed may risk of having a higher pass off of infant and child mortality later on, which is, of course, a very heartbreaking circumstance. Apart from that, severe malnutrition during ones early childhood also leads to defects in cognitive development.Stunted individuals also have a higher chance of getting diseases and illnesses as compared to those who have not experienced stunting. It must also come to the attention that food insecurity is also associated with various developmental consequences for children in the United States. A question was conducted by Diana F. Jyoti, Edward A. Frongillo, and Sonya J. Jones to prove that food insecurity is linked to specific developmental consequences for children, and whether these consequences may be both nutritional and nonnutritional.

Sunday, April 14, 2019

Teen Pregnancy Essay Example for Free

Teen Pregnancy EssayTeen Pregnancy has al sorts been a culture medium topic to many. Recently though teen pregnancy has become a major problem in hostelry. The question that comes to mind is then, what can be make to reduce the event of teen pregnancies? Whether it be done by way of sexual education programs or other methods it is clear that something must be done. currently not enough is being done to fight the number of teen pregnancies. Teenage pregnancy and hold browses both dropped in the 1990s. Increased use of contraceptives and increased abstinence among teens could explain the decrease.However, the U. S. still has the highest rate of teenage pregnancy among western industrialized nations, 42. 9 births per 1,000 females aged 15-19. In 2002, there were 431,988 births to females under twenty. iv out of ten girls become pregnant by the age of twenty. Eighty sh atomic number 18 of these teenage pregnancies atomic number 18 unintended, and 79 percent of pregnant tee ns are unmarried. The birth rate remains high in low-income, minority neighborhoods, where the birth rate still remains at 153 and 138 births per 1,000 for black and Hispanic teenage girls respectively.Sixty percent of all teenage mothers are in poverty at the time of birth (Teenage Pregnancy bar 1). These numbers plainly show that teen pregnancy is still a major problem. I view one of the most prominent haves of teen pregnancy is stress. Many teens in todays society are too stressed by daily life, and could be turning to pregnancies as a way of continuing their name. In a small Massachusetts community where teen pregnancy judge were high it was also noted that their families were also going through a rough patch. An additional cause is that teens do not have enough teaching when it comes to sexual education.Parents need to talk to their children some the dangers of sex. Doing something about this problem is something that many believe involves sexual education. A recent study showed A growing number of sex education programs that support abstinence and the use of contraception for sexually active teens have revealed a positive effect (Sex ed programs actually can work 14).Sex education should be do mandatory in schools. Another method that many adults believe is necessary is making items such as condoms easily available for teens. Some school nurses have gone as far as o pass out condoms to students. This however crosses a boundary with another controversial topic. One Final stripe plan involves everyone who is willing to help, by simply making sure your community clinics and help services are open long enough you can help provided teen in need with a tail to go.Teen Pregnancy is a problem that can not be fixed immediately, but by promoting awareness a decline may be in the future. The general public must uncovering a way to help the efforts in whatever means possible. One thing we do live on is that without our action this problem will not be chang ed.

Friday, April 12, 2019

Elementary education 1833-1870 Essay Example for Free

elementary preparation 1833-1870 EssayWhat was the role of the government in developing Elementary Education 1833-1870? 1. Why did the government play little role in training before the nineteenth century? Government contend little role in pedagogy prior to the nineteenth century because of many reasons, one of them be Laissez faire. Laissez faire was the philosophy of the government that it was not their role to get involved in the lives of the people.Edward Baines wrote about the state of learning in 1846 and said it is not the duty of the government to feed the peoplethese are things that the people can and ought to do themselves some survey this was the way God wanted things to be. Other felt that the fittest and richest could survive the mind did slide fastener for the curt. One of the only things government was willing to get involved in was defending the country. Money was another(prenominal) motive why the government compete little role. The government didnt want to spend silver on educating the unworthy, they would much rather spend their money on the royal stables and the military.On Samuel Whitbreads Bill this topic was discussed It would perfume the country with a most enormous expense. Not only did they not want to put money towards education except as well it was going to be a very expensive project, which they thought could be done without. Samuel Whitbread argued that more education was shooted and that raises money was the way forward when he stood up to the government, barely the House of Lords rejected his Bill. The Class system was another thing that was preventing the government from contributing money towards education.Everyone knew his or her place in society so for the poor to read write and be educated would light up them more intelligent and mess up the The Great Chain of Being this was another name for the complaisant structure at the cartridge clip. The chain of being was written about once by a Bishop in 1720 and he said God so orders it that we always have some Poor among us from this the The grand chain of being had come about. The Government simply didnt fascinate the need for change.There were already sunlight Schools and Dame Schools available for the poor, which were supplied by the church and individuals As far as education was concerned, the government was suffice reading this its seems as if the government couldnt be bothered to improve if there was nothing wrong with how things were before long going. This reminds me of the old saying why fix it, if its not broken. Revolutionary ideas were also something that was considered to be a scourge if the poor were to be educated.If they were taught to read then they would be able to understand and read Anti-Christian books and stories about revolutions in other countries such as France. This was also discussed in the Debate on Samuel Whitbreads Bill, It would enable them to read iniquitous books, and publications against Ch ristianity religion was very strong at this magazine and to disrupt it could have lead to social unrest. fouled against how they feel they stand in society would make them insolent to their superiors this was also talked about on Samuel Whitbreads Bill.Parents of poor children didnt want their children to go to school and learn, because they wanted them to work and earn money. This was the traditional way of life for the poor people and most of them were penetrating to stick with it. They worked on farms and in mines. However if the parents were to direct at the advantages of educating their children they would see that with an education they could get better jobs and earn more money. Even though it would have taken time it still would have been the more intelligent choice, but as they were not educated themselves they never thought of it that way.2. Why did the government become involved in developing elementary education for all during the nineteenth century? Government eventu ally had to become involved in developing elementary education. The increasing macrocosm meant that schools could not cope with the large amounts of pupils, so more schools were built to accommodate the demands of numbers. The large numbers of pupils also meant that more teachers were involve and to employ more teachers money was needed, so without the help and money from the government education would have gone nowhere.Not only would they have needed more teachers but also they would need bigger schools to have room for the large increase of pupils. The poor people could no longer look after themselves, so the government had to step in. They may have been struggling because the higher classes were sending their children to school so they would have had a tremendous advantage over the poor and uneducated children when they both compete for work, as they got older. A link the raising population had with the changes extraneous education is firstly the 1832 Great domesticise puzz le out.For the first time the large new industrial towns were able to elect MPs, most of these MPs were keen on cleaning up the towns. In the end the combined effects of the Reform Act and the epidemic cholera epidemic of 1832 made the living conditions in all towns a major political issue. An education was needed for people to be able to operate the machines. Due to these demands the scope of education was widened to include the children of more unremarkable men and women. Better-educated clerks and crafts people were needed to produce better goods to increase the countries economy with trade.Better-educated workers were wanted the time to come of workers education took a big step forward with the Factory Act of 1833. This Act laid down that every(prenominal) factory child should receive two hours schooling a day. Other countries were educating their youth and were therefore were forrader of Britain in that department, so to avoid embarrassment and keep up to date the governmen t decided it was time to teach the younger generation. This was a very important time for the country because they realised that the children are the sexual climax(prenominal) and educating them would be so much better for the government.This would be because to have more educated workers in the future would mean people doing and understanding their jobs better. If countries got ahead of Britain then they would have more knowledge, to stop this the government introduced an education Bill, this was read from it If we leave our workfolk unskilled, they will become over-matched in the competition of the world by W. E Forster. to a greater extent money was coming in from the countrys trade and empire. This meant that more money could and was put forward towards education for the poor. more or less of the money from the trade came from the industrial revolution.This was mainly thanks to the trade that merchants did with Australia and other countries. Another thing that played a key pa rt in the great income was the Railway industry. This was very quickly becoming a national system and brought in great loads of money. A link with more money coming in from education was that more money could be spent on defence. This was very helpful because if Britain were to go to war we would have hopefully have been well off. Poor people were given the chance to vote, but they needed some knowledge of who to vote for and why.If they knew what things they wanted from the government, then they could have a rough idea of who shares the same thoughts and ambition as them for the running of the country. They needed to know who to vote for because if that person won he would run the country, so they are voting for a very important matter. In the reform Act of 1867 most working class men were giving the chance to vote. This was very important link outside education because with educated voters the country has a better chance of a good and well presented blossoming Minister.

Tuesday, April 9, 2019

Liberty and the Pursuit of the Tuth Essay Example for Free

Liberty and the Pursuit of the Tuth Es swearLiberty and the Pursuit of the Truth In my quiz Ill station my efforts to write about the thing that holds the Ameri hindquarters society together which is their values. Values be very distinguished because all our actions based on them. Ill address the importance of liberty and the hunting of the rightfulness. Liberty is defined as luciferity, state of being free or having liberty of choice. Sometimes our freedom can be limited because of the government policies. We shouldnt just follow whatever the government addresses without mentation deeply about our options because sometimes they can lead us to a dead-end road. We should follow our instincts, and essence. regimen responsibility to provide our needs and protect our right that sometimes that is not the case, they might direct us to the wrong way They think that, if that they should resist, the remedy would be worse than the evil. But its the daub of the government itself that the remedy is worse than evil Henry David Thoreau, Civil Disobedience. Liberty vows us the freedom to say no that what make it very important. Around 1962 our society suffered from a dysfunction because of the unequal rights caused by the separatism surrounded by black and white and the lack of liberation.Martin Luther King Jr. peaceful stood up for liberty and equal civil rights. He had a dream that blacks and whites could sit on the table of the brotherhood and that will give all of us a quality life I have a dream that bingle day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its church doctrine Martin Luther King Jr. , I have a dream. Because of liberty now our society rose up and gave everyone equal rights. The fidelity meaning is based on fact or reality as you can experiences the same result constantly.Scientists did a lot of discoveries that were true because they stood for all of the challenges but they still didnt completed the complete justness, as Adler Mortimer mentioned in the Pursuit of the Truth about scientist and mathematician experiments that these are matters of a taste alternatively than of the truth. smell is evolving and people looking for the complete truth and if we found the complete truth there is no point of life. We dont have a reason to get up every cockcrow to go to work, read, and explore.We will never reach the complete truth so life can evolves. Life will continue because we all have a goal to know the complete truth, and we will not accomplish that the complete realization of the ideal that is the goal the whole truth and nothing but the truthwill never be achieved in any stretch of time Adler Mortimer, Pursuit of the Truth. The pursuit of truth give us a motivation to survive. The pursuit of the truth leads us to a realization of the differences between the native home and being immigrant or slave.People realized the true meaning of their homes. Even though you might be poor but at least you will not be single out The Scotch and the Irish might have lived in their own country perhaps as poor, but enjoying more civil advantages Hector St. Jean de Crevecoeur What is an American. Liberty and the pursuit of the truth brought our society to a smashing position of equality and motivation to keep looking for more in life. They are very important in order for us to live a fair life and have a operate society for now and the next generations.

Monday, April 8, 2019

Asean Solution for Rohingya Plight Essay Example for Free

Asean Solution for Rohingya Plight establishWHY is Asean silent on the issue of Rohingya Muslims, who have been suffering for centuries under the Myanmar army junta? Recently, they were told to founder the country to a third world nation willing to receive them. This is cruelty towards their own great deal and it seems that the world is just watching the injustice done to them, without any assistance, support or solution. In June 2012, everywhere 2000 people were displaced in sectarian violence in Myanmar, in which most victims were Muslims. The government promised a rich investigation.Representatives from different religions and minorities condemned the atrocities inflicted on the Rohingya Muslims which is a serious human rights violation that the United Nations should stop immediately. In June 2012, 11 innocent Muslims were killed by the Burmese Army and the Buddhist mobs after bringing them down from a bus. A vehement protest was carried out in the Muslim majority provin ce of Arakan, but the protesters fell victims to the dictatorship of the mob and the army. People were reported killed and millions of homes destroyed in fires as Rohingyas and Buddhist-ethnic Arakanese clashed in western Myanmar.Myanmar has a Buddhist majority. The Muslim minority in Myanmar atomic number 18 mostly the Rohingyas and the descendants of Muslim immigrants from India (including what is now Bangladesh) and China, as comfortably as descendants of earlier Arab and Persian settlers. Indian Muslim were brought to Burma by the British to aid them in clerical work and business. After independence, many Muslims remained in the country. Over the years, thousands of Rohingyas have fled to Thailand. According to reports, there are roughly 111,000 refugees housed in 9 camps along the Thai-Myanmar border.In February 2009, there was evidence of refugees being towed to sea and abandoned and other reports of brutality by the Thai military in which Thailands then prime minister Abhi sit Vejjajiva express that there were some instances in which Rohingyas were pushed out to sea. Will the present generation see the light of twenty-four hours? They are part of mankind, why then are we responding apathetically towards them? Asean must respond immediately to adjudicate their issues. Please be sympathetic and empathetic towards the Rohingyas.

Sunday, April 7, 2019

Detective stories have been very popular from the mid 1900s Essay Example for Free

Detective stories have been in truth popular from the middle 1900s EssayThe victim in The speckle circumstances was Helen Stoner and the victim in The Gatewood legerdemain was Audrey, rase though she kidnapped herself. both(prenominal) the victims in the two stories were women and they had a problem with their bring forths. Audreys grudge was mainly due to the harm of her mother. twain of their incurs had towering figures for example Harvey Gatewood is described as He was a big bruiser of a man, something over 200 pounds of hard red flesh and a czar from the top of his bullet to the toes of his shoesFrom this description we can see why Audrey had problems with her father, kindred when he lost his temper what could Audrey do with a man with that physique this also applied to Helen Stoner as Dr Roylott had the same temp eonment and physique. However, Dr Roylott was a stepfather. Ms Stoner was completely innocent unthe likes of Audrey who took the law into her own hand s instead of seeking booster which Ms Stoner did. Ms Stoner was the much(prenominal) traditionalistic as she was helpless and frightened of her father unlike Audrey was who kidnapped herself trying to hurt her father and from victim she turned to scoundrel.The villain in The speckled Band was Dr Roylott and the villain in The Gatewood charade was Audrey, as well as cosmos the victim. Both of the villains were cunning and talented and they both had motives, but Dr Roylott was the more traditional as he was mean and aggressive. Dr Roylott also had a vicious hi news report as Helen Stoner tells us He beat his native butler to death, and narrowly get away a capital sentence. Audrey wanted to hurt her father ment e very(prenominal)(prenominal)y and financially and had an accomplice, which wasnt traditional as the villain should be alone.The ingredients required to be a villain are present in Dr Roylott and in Audrey as both had quarrels, but unlike Dr Roylott, Audrey didnt c ommit an abhorrence crime. Audrey just ran away from home because she was sick of being tied to her father Harvey Gatewood. She fooled eachone by claiming to have been kidnapped because she wanted revenge on her father by get his money, but there was no real harm done. The villain, Dr Roylott in The mottle Band also added to my delectation of the story.Whenever his huge towering figure would arrive in the story I would get so tense and eager because I was worried that his actions would be fatal. This intuitive feeling do me feel as though I was inside the story. You couldnt even disclose who the victim and villain was in The Gatewood fast one let alone feeling you were a part of the story and there wasnt enough background information which would make it easy to understand. Both the eagernesstings in the stories were good and added to the enjoyment of the story. The Gatewood Caper was chasten in the city in a plentiful area.However, The cloud Band setting was more isolat ed and mysterious and was more eerie as it was set in the countryside in a big mansion which for me is more traditional. The fact that there were gypsies and animals in the set made the story more enjoyable to enunciate. The setting also added to my enjoyment of the story mostly because of the extras like the baboon, cheetah and gypsies which made the setting like an extra character in the story. The full creepy and strange feeling about Stoke Moran funnily made the setting more pleasant for me to read.The setting of The Gatewood Caper was good, but it didnt get me involved with the plot. Both stories followed my anticipation of a immaculate investigator story structure. The Speckled Band and The Gatewood Caper had the crime being described at the beginning of the story. The story started with the report of the crime. still in The Speckled Band I didnt discover the problem straight away I was made to wait for a while which built up suspense, as I was eager to discover the crime . Both stories had a period of uncertainty in the middle of the story where the investigation was proceeding and the police detective began to tack evidence.In this section the main similarity between the two stories was the fact that the detective in distributively story had already solved the crime, but me, being the reader was made to wait until the end of the story to discover the outcome. Both stories also had a period where the case was solved and explained by the detective at the end. The main difference in the structure of the story between the two stories was the fact that unlike The Speckled Band the criminals in The Gatewood Caper were not punished at the end of the story.I also open up the structure of The Gatewood Caper hard to follow and confusing at metres. Therefore I have chosen The Speckled Bands structure as being the more untarnished detective structure. The style of writing in The Speckled Band was very detailed, well described and precise. But it moved s lowly which led to create up suspense holding my interest. The linguistic communication was very different, but both were formal and the vocabulary apply was of early 1900s. The Speckled Band had been written in Standard English unlike the The Gatewood Caper which was written in American English.The Gatewood Capers style of writing was less detailed, but it moved fast and got to the point speedy than The Speckled Band. Because it moved fast it built up the suspense much quicker, but it wasnt that effective for me. The language was very different from The Speckled Band as it was more modern and used vocabulary from the era we are in now. Overall The Speckled Bands style of writing was more like a classic detectives style of writing. The Gatewood Caper moved and started faster and tended to get to the point quicker, which is the style in which preservers like to write these days.The Gatewood Caper was more modern as well as there wouldnt have been a shop mall in the time of Sher lock Holmes and there were not many agencies in traditional detective stories. The themes raised by The Speckled Band were exactly what I had stoped for a traditional detective story. The themes of a classic detective story were very straightforward and The Speckled Band raised all these themes. For instance crime doesnt pay. Dr Roylott didnt fulfil his evil motive by killing Helen Stoner.Good beats evil Sherlock Holmes was able to unravel the evil truth behind the death of Julia Stoner. The themes raised by The Gatewood Caper were exactly what I didnt expect. Because good and evil were not easy to spot as the themes were not what they seemed and the whole truth doesnt come out. It didnt seem that Audrey got punished and the whole thing was a waste of police time as the only thing which was solved was a family problem. The morals of the story were quite different from what I expected as running away doesnt solve problems is not a theme I would expect in a detective story.The theme raised by The Speckled Band was another rationalness that made the story more enjoyable to read. The theme raised by The Speckled Band was very common to most detective stories. In normal detective stories you may discover the theme that the shamefaced are punished after villains are sent to jail, this theme is discovered after a very normal and unimaginative event. But in The Speckled Band this theme was demonstrated after a venomous snake had killed the villain, Dr Roylott, in mysterious circumstances.The way the themes were discovered added to the excitement of the story. Both stories had the same telephone number of the troubles in relationship between father and daughter. In The Speckled Band Dr Roylott was more violent and pretty tempered and even though he was their stepfather he was practically all the girls had. To save his money he killed Julia and attempted to kill Helen. On the other hand in The Gatewood Caper the relationship between father and daughter was less vio lent as Audrey looked for attention.A classic detective story would have the more violent storyline of The Speckled Band as it is more explosive. This relationship issue made Dr Roylott more of a feared character and this induced more tension, which a classic detective story would want. In every category The Speckled Band obeyed the rules applied to a classic detective story. The themes raised by The Speckled Band were identical to themes raised by a classical detective story. Like a traditional detective story The Speckled Band identified the hero, villain, and victim very clearly and they were very open to follow.The Gatewood Caper was unable to do this even at the end of the story I was struggling to identify the villain and victim in the story, as there were two possibilities. For some people this is an enjoyment and they like reading this type of story, but for me I was lost in fixing the villain or victim that I couldnt understand the story. I personally preferred The Speckl ed Band rather than The Gatewood Caper, and there are multiple reasons for this. I found the plot of The Speckled Band extremely entertaining and that it was wrapped up at the end.This is because events such as the snake built up suspense which made me eager to read on. The plot events were enjoyable to read because it was easy to build up a picture from the description. There were far-off more dramatic events full of suspense and drama in The Speckled Band rather than The Gatewood Caper which had a lot less description. The main reasons I believe I personally preferred The Speckled Band was better because the story had the ability to include interesting characters by using great description.It include many exciting events which built up suspense making me eager to read on and find out what happened. It also included puzzles and mysteries for me to solve during the story. All these factors fulfilled a description of a classic detective story. The Speckled Band was like a classic de tective story which is why I preferred this story to The Gatewood Caper story. To what extent did The Speckled Band and Gatewood Caper match the expectations of a traditional detective story ?

Saturday, April 6, 2019

Professional teacher Essay Example for Free

Professional instructor EssayDevelopment takes what is there as a valuable starting point, not as something to be replaced, but a useful platform on which to build. To do so is to recognise not only that teachers do have valuable existing expertise but also that, if teachers are forced to choose, they lead usually revert to their secure established shipway of doing things. The metaphor of building on what is already there is not, however, satisfactory because it suggests adding on something separate to what is there, something extra on top. The concept of development, in contrast, implies that whatever is added, whatever is new, will be integrated with what is there already, and will so grow from what is there. McIntyre and Hagger (1992, p. 271) This places the teacher in a position of power and responsibility. It means that the teacher is the arbiter of change. If a proposed change does not meet with the approval of the teacher, then there is little likelihood that the cha nge will be introduced. What sometimes happens is that, where a proposed rectify partly meets with the approval of a teacher, the proposed change is revised.It may be scaled down, some of the less acceptable aspects removed or emphases may be changed. The proposed reform undergoes a process of customization to suit the circumstances and priorities of the individual teacher. This position of power in relation to change and reform also brings with it considerable responsibility. Teachers must be attuned to the need for change. They need to be proactive, able to take initiatives in relation to change but also to make sound judgments about the value and relevance of all change, proposed by others or initiated by themselves.They jackpotnot afford to reject all change outright or be dismissive of it. To do so would be to abandon a professional obligation to work in the interests of students and the future of society. Every professional teacher must be able to articulate fully the bases for his or her own matter-of-fact guess. Being explicit about ones own practical theory is essential for a number of reasons. First, it ensures that explanations of the bases for actions in the classroom can be provided and the expectation of professional responsibility discharged.Second, knowing in detail ones practical theory facilitates the process of review and revision. here(predicate) the position of the teacher is somewhat akin to that of a medical expert or flight engineer. precisely expert knowledge of how the human body or plane operates can provide a home for the correction of malfunctions. Thirdly, it allows for a fuller and quicker assessment of proposals for change. Areas of compatibility/incompatibility and the flaws inherent in existing and proposed practical theories can be more readily identified.Moreover, it is more likely that unsound proposals for change will be detected. Interpreting student teacher acquire as learning by reflection on can be taken a ste p further by also applying this idea to other components of teacher education, such as group seminars on campus. The realistic approach can be used at the level of a class on campus by creating an experience in that class which is the basis for learning for a whole group. One example is the idea of organizing 10-minutes lessons given by student teachers to their fellow students.Korthagen, F. A. J. Nevertheless, what teachers do as they externalize their approaches to teaching has many of the hallmarks of theory building. They address significant problems related to student learning, they design and experiment with ways of solving those problems, they inquire into the relative effectiveness of these ways by using data from observations, tests and feedback from others to assist them, they identify patterns which give rise to predictions about what is likely to happen, and they build bases for professional action.

Friday, April 5, 2019

USA should Begin Withdrawing Troops from Iraq Essay Example for Free

ground forces should Begin Withdrawing Troops from Iraq EssayWar in Iraq affects many a(prenominal) countries, their social and economic situation, semipolitical stableness and international relations. A question of the the Statesn phalanx forepart in Iraq is one of the most polemical issues in political practice. During years of heated discussions, society has tried to solve the ethical, philosophical and political quandary concerning the war on terror and aggression of American disposal against Iraqi citizenry.America should withdraw process from Iraq because its military presence and occupation contradicts International Law (Hewitt, 2002). The example of the Iraqi war illustrates the fact that the problems of conflicts and emphasis are not carried out at a distance, against anonymous and invisible victims, but in straightaway physical confrontations with them. other argument is that there is the increasing violence in Iraq against the US military. Following Jeffrey Sachs Were study again that America cannot be an occupying force in the Middle East (Web Forum Was It Worth It?, 2006).Another reason against the military presence of the USA in Iraq is that primary justification for the war against terror and military intervention in Iraq (weapons of mass destruction) is false. The principal(prenominal) consequence was a shift of U.S. policy from peaceful neutrality to aggressive international policy supported by military strength. It would serve as an example of Washingtons iterate difficulty in winning guerrilla conflicts (U.S. Faces Pressure 2005).In addition, the US should withdraws troops from Iraq because the short-term consequences of its presence include increasing budget spending on military sector and security programs, temporal stability and security of the American nation. Nevertheless, the war can create more act of terrorism affected innocent people around the world. The complications are that in a orbicularizing world, rich countries cannot insulate themselves from insecurity. Poverty and weak institutions are carriage grounds for public-health crises, violence, and economic volatility.Taking into account the opposite view, it is possible to say that if the USA withdraws troops get up Iraq it will threaten its national security and defense. Also, many politicians depend that the US should implement its long-term policies aimed to beef up democracy and weakened terrorist groups in this area. Today, Iraqi army is not strong enough to oppose terrorist groups and keep open peace in the region.Republicans, warned that withdrawing U.S. troops before the Iraqi army is fully prepared to defend the res publica against an intractable insurgency would lead to more violence and possible civil war (Tate, 2006). In this case, it is intelligible that the US military presence in Iraq is important to secure stable political situation in the region. There seems to be general agreement that competition for politi cal provide and the material resources to which such index number gives access is a general explanation of the phenomena discussed in the paper.Democratic processes that aim to empower the populace with the utmost authority see the problem as a top down solution.No doubt that in modern society the main role is featured to democracy and the US presence supports elective processes in Iraq. The re-organization of the political system should be mentioned here. Also, a civil war could spill over into the rest of the region and threaten the worlds energy supplies, a development that would damage the economies of all oil-dependent countries (U.S. Faces Pressure 2005).In this situation, the purpose of US forces is to maintain the continuity of the borders while introducing a degree of regional and local autonomy. In spite of democratic changes and political stability in Iraq, the threat is real and its all the more lethal because, paradoxically or not, its driven by religion and nihili sm and a civilizations very unhappy encounter with modernity (Web Forum, 2006). In this case, the US military is a force which ensures political stability and security for civil population.I suppose that the US should not withdraw troops from Iraq because US forces and control ensures political stability for both Iraq and the US nation. Every nation has the right to go to war in order to sustain its unity, to abolish scurvy governance, to re-organize the existing political institution if they violate national rights and self-determination. The war on terror and the problem of terrorism has not been yet, and it requires special measures to be made in order to ensure global peace and political stability.From the point of view of the USA, it is a necessary step to protect its citizen from adverse intervention by a nation intending to use weapons of mass destruction. The major public concern is atomic war and its consequences for the globe. Efforts to control these activities through with(predicate) investigations and surveillance on the part of the law-enforcement community also illustrate positive measures to counter the threat of terrorism. soldiers aid to the civil power is a measure available to the Iraqi government in superior circumstances. The US military do whatever we have to do to stabilize Iraq and Afghanistan and use the military power of the U.S. to do that (Burns, 2006).It is important to note that the war in Iraq is aimed to protect civil population from the authoritarian government and its attempts to control natural resources. There is no question that Iraq is an important, if not the most important, theater in ground of the fight against Al Qaeda (Johnson, 2006).Terrorism on the Middle East is an international problem for many countries including Israel and Palestine, the US and European countries.Thus, the initiation and implementation of measures in response to the threat of terrorism are very much complex matters. The problems are magni fied when international diplomatic conventions and considerations must also be taken into account. The main means to fight terrorism include firm opposition to terrorism in all its forms and wheresoever it takes place, and opposition to domestic and international terrorism and respond to terrorist acts. The US mission in Iraq is to ensure global peace and control over the region and its terror groups.ReferencesBurns, R. (2006). Pentagon Faces Tough Choices on Iraq. USNews and World Report. Sept 20, Retrieved from http//hosted.ap.org/ propellent/stories/U/US_IRAQ?SITE=DCUSNSECTION=TOP_STORIESTEMPLATE=DEFAULTJohnson, S. (2006). We Are Where We Are Newsweek. Aug. 14. Retrieved from http//www.msnbc.msn.com/id/14349435/site/newsweek/3. Hewitt, Ch. (2002). Understanding Terrorism in America From the Klan to Al Qaeda. Routledge.Tate, D. (2006). US Senate Rejects Proposals to Withdraw Troops From Iraq. June 22. Retrieved from http//voanews.com/english/archive/2006-06/2006-06-22-voa50.cfm?CF ID=38746764CFTOKEN=55075176S. Faces Pressure to Pull Troops from Iraq. (2005). Retrieved from http//www.pinr.com/report.php?ac=view_reportreport_id=328language_id=1Web Forum Was It Worth It? (2006) Tuesday, Mar. 21. Retrieved from http//www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1175256,00.html

The Global Rubber Tire Industry

The Global Rubber peter out Industrystrategic lead is defined as the efficacy to shape the organisations decisions and deliver risque pry over time, not whole personally and also by inspiring and managing others in the organisation. (Lynch, 2009).The focus of strategic lead is sustainable combative reinforcement, or the enduring success of the organization. (Hughes Beatty, 2005)Key components of Strategic LeadershipHow to lead so that others impart follow.How to shape culture.How to social organisation and influence decision making. (Lynch, 2009)In view of the above definitions and key characterisitcs, strategic leadership in the Global Rubber eat Industry in general and Continental AG in particular is seen as the cogency of a corporate leader to build long term shelter for the stakeholders of an organisation.In the context of Continental AG, Dr. Hubert von Grunberg displays Strategic Leadership by first acknowledging the fact that all was not well at Continental. A ginst the backdrop of rising sales, profits were falling, to the point of a loos in 1991. The drive to add sales and maintain a position in the Global Market using aggressive price was detrimental to the immediate and long term well universe of Continental.This was swiftly followed by a defecate 10 point recovery plan announced in December 1991, the direction was clearly prune for the turn around by means of encouragement of Entreprenuership and strategic alliances, and a goal of ensuring profitabilty in 1992.The next beat in the turn around was the identification of the individual business units and making each unit prudent for profitability. In this process, no preson or process was considered immune to review, and the subsequent restructuring of the Organisation from a Task lie sturcture in 1991 with to a Market oriented structure in 2001 further depicts strategic leadership.Entrepreneurship is a way of thinking, reasoning and acting that focuses on the identification an d driveation of opportunities from a broad general berth typically driven by the leadership of individuals or small groups. (Lynch, 2009) bodied Entrepreneurship is often called Intrapreneurship and is defined as Entrepreneurs displace be found starting organizations, running organizations and working in organizations as employees. In the last mentioned matter they ar typically called intrapreneurs, i.e. internal entrepreneurs. (Thompson Martin, 2005)The key consideration is the identification and utilisation of opportunities for profit. Given the fictional character study, Entrepreneurship is embedded at the core of the recovery plan of Continental AG.The slip study goes on to land that the Tire as a product had largely expended innovative capacity. Inspite of this the dedicated focus on expert leadership is an substantial Entrepreneurial component.The first instance is the key belief of Dr. von Grunberg that Complete sytems will be the dominant provider to the Automob ile Industry in the short and medium term. The establishment of Automotive systems as di wad to develop these integrated sytems pre-empted the possible relegation of Continental as a secondary supplier had it remained a pure Tire manufacturer.The identification of Rubber lifting belts as an alternative product also shows high entreprenuerial capacity, as Continental was already a Global leader in the Tire patience whose original input is Rubber. This opportunity and subsequent alliance with Otis, a global leader in the elevator industry squarenessed in substantila supply contracts.Given the illustrations above, it is evident that all Entrepreneurs are Strategic Leaders, plainly the same cannot be said for the reversal, ie. All Startegic Leaders are not necessarily Entrepreneurs.1.2 Critical evaluation of Continentals Agenda for Strategic flip at the beginning of the 1990s.Strategic shift concerns careens which take place over time to the strategies and objectives of the orga nization. Change can be gradual or growthary or more dramatic, even revolutionary. (Thompson Martin, 2005)Lynch argues that it is important to distinguish Strategic Change form Organisational Change (Lynch, 2009). Organisational change inevitably happens in the course of the daytime-by-day operations of an organisation whereas Strategic Change is a planned and excuted set of events and actions which run short an organisation in the direction of achieving its clearly defined objectives. This involves substantive changes beyond normal routines and the induction of new patterns of action, belief and attitudes. (Schein, 1990)Tichy identifies tetrad main causes of Strategic change, namely Environment problem Relationships Technology People. (Tichy, 1983). The situation facing Continental AG in 1991 was a compound combination of all the four causes. The leading cause was the Environment as Tire market was saturated Car Manufacturers were pushing down prices Technology was plateaue d and as a result a New Leader was establish. The cause of the crisis can be pin uped to complacency, and irresponsiveness to Market demands.Hannagan beg offs that Strategic change can be incremental where the organisations lowlying values and beliefs are not radically altered or transformational where a major paradigm shift occurs in the cultural assumptions. Whether it is incremental or transformational, strategic change is concerned with changes which are necessary to maintain the link betwixt the organisation and its environment so that it dust competitive and able to meet the needs of its customers. (Hannagan, 2002). Given the scale of the down turn at Continental AG, a hybrid combination of small incremental changes and quantum leap transformational strategic changes were adopted to mark a path to recovery.The agenda for Strategic change undertaken by Continental AG can be illogical down in to the sections outlined below.Change in Leadership Appointment of Dr. von Grun berg. The implementation of a transposition strategy necessitated a change at the helm of the organisation. This resulted in the appointment of a new prexy of the administrator control panel.The first step towards achieving profitability was locateing loss making units down to the smallest possible element. In this case the segregation of a number of divisions into smaller units. This is witnessed in the separation of the replacement dig business which was utile from that of the loss making original equipment business.A further step in the turnaround strategy was the rebirth of Common service functions into profit centres. piece mental imagery and Information Technology, which were shared services across the organisation, were eventually separated into separate commercial entities. This was a clear departure from the thinking where support functions are woo centres.Despite the conceived stagnation and exhaustion in the innovative potential of the Tire as a product, the gravid emphasis on Technological excellence, Innovation and Integration formed an superfluous key factor in the change strategy. The harmonisation of Research and Development in a central location and the allocation of a percentage of all revenues to RD is a manifestation of this.Entrepreneurship The conviction that Continental AG has the capacity and capability to identify opportunities in the market and take advantage of these to enhance profitability was evident in the strategic move towards moving beyond the traditional core product of Tires and into a complete systems supplier to the Automobile industry.2.1 How Continental AG fostered Strategic Innovation to achieve festering in productivity from 1991 to 1999 in view of porters cheer ChainA systematic way of examining all the activities a firm performs and how they interact is necessary for analyzing the sources of competitive advantage. In this chapter, I introduce the value chain as the basic tool for doing so. (Porter, 1985)Every firm is a collection of activities that are performed to design, produce, market, deliver, and support its product.Value Chain as defined by Porter (1985) comprises of 5 Primary activities, namely Inbound Logistics, Operations, Outbound Logistics, Marketing Sales and Service. In sum total a Porters Value chain has 4 Support Activities i.e. Firm Infrastructure, HRM, Technology Development and Procurement.(Porter, 1985)Continental AG achieved growth in productivity by fostering strategic innovation in a number of its value chain activities. These are briefly enumerated below.The reorganisation of Continental AGs Infrastructure by means of Decentralisation of its bureaucracy and restructuring the organisation from a task oriented structure into a market oriented one.The creation of Business Unit Value chains for Passenger Tires and Commercial Tires, consequently merging Manufacturing and Marketing of each and big(p) each unit Individual profit right.The conversion of Su pport activities of Information Technology and Human imagination into individual Business Unit Value Chains and subsequently independent business entities.Revisiting and improving procurement of important inputs, steel cord being a key example. The resulting savings in costs greatly enhanced profitability. This required expansion of the procurement process to ensure quality, and therefore displays the advantage of creating a gene linkage amid the value chain of Continental and its supplier.Remarketing and positioning of competing acquired brands into complementary positions based on quality and application. This is seen by placing Continental as a premium brand and Barum as budget, similarly marketing Uniroyal as the precipitate tire and Semperit as the winter tire.Development of Technology, and when necessary acquiring another Company (Teves) to focus on Automotive Systems competency as opposed to manufacture of Tires only. This enabled Continental AG to create competitive adva ntage through differentiation.The development of a Modular Manufacturing Plant where the base model of tires is mass fabricate, besides allowing for both(prenominal) customisation and diversity is evidence of Innovative operations.2.2 Comparison of Corporate organization and Corporate Social Responsibility practices of Continental AG with those of Goodyear Tire and Rubber CompanyCorporate organization is defined as the responsibility of a firms board of directors. The directors have a fiduciary duty to the shareholders, who are the corporations owners. (Sompayrac, 2006)Corporate social responsibility (CSR) can be defined as the economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary expectations that society has of organizations at a given point in time. (Carroll Buchholtz, 2003)In line with the above definitions, Corporate Governance focuses on the efficient and prudent execution of Organisations responsibility to its shareholders as its legal owners, whereas Corporate Social Responsibil ity concentrates on the Organisations responsibility to all its stakeholders, of whom the owners are a section. The stakeholders will include shareholders, employees, customers, suppliers, government, society at large and the Environment.As elaborated in the Corporate Governance Section of Continentals annual report for 2009 (Continental Corporation, 2010), the supervisory Board and Executive Board are fair to middlingly trustworthy for the governance of the company. The Supervisory Board comprises of twenty members, half of whom represent shareholders and half elected as Employee representatives. The Supervisory Board advises and supervises the Executive Board, oversees the strategic implementation of policies, approves decisions of material importance and appoints the Executive Board through and with the consent of the yearbook General Meeting of Shareholders. The Chairman of the Executive Board serves as the Chief Executive policeman of the CompanyThe Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company Corporate governance guidelines provide for a Board of Directors comprising of golf-club to twelve members elected at the Annual General Meeting of Shareholders of the Company. The Chairman of the Board at Goodyear may, but need not be, the Chief Executive Officer of the Company. (The Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company)Prominent similarities in the Governance models of Continental and Goodyear are the functions of Audit, Compensation and Remuneration, Appointment and Governance are vested in the Supervisory and Executive Board at Continental and in the Board of Directors at Goodyear. Both Companies have prudent guidelines regulating the give birth of the members who serve on these boards.The key differences observed between Corporate Governance at Continental and Goodyear are twofold. First, the bicameral structure at Continental, where the Supervisory Board acts in an Advisory Capacity to the Executive Board. A single governance structure exists at Continental. Whereas a t wo level governance structure provides additional guidance, supervision and prudence, it also adds an additional layer of bureaucracy and associated bottlenecks and costs to the organisation.The second difference observed between the Governance structures is the presence of elected representation of the Employees in the Supervisory Board, in a number equal to those of the Shareholders representatives. This presence ensures the involvement of Employees representation in material decisions of the Company, and consequently offers better protection of the Human Resource employed at Continental AG.The Corporate Social Responsibility activities of Continental AG are summarised in the Companys Annual motif for the Financial Year 2009 (Continental Corporation, 2010)accessed on the companys website. The principal focus of the Corporate Responsibility Report is activities revolving around non-shareholding stakeholders. The Key areas of focus are Employees, Environment and Acting Responsibly. Complementing the Annual Report, whose primary target is shareholders, is the bedrock of Continental AG. These driving principles have evolved very little from their formulation as described in the case study to date as available on Continentals corporate website. The BASICS cover the relationships of Continental with Customers, Suppliers, Employees, Partners and Shareholders. This vision defining document has a more holistic approach towards CSR by encompassing the expectations of all stakeholders.Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company, in contrast to Continental, does not report its Corporate Social Responsibility activities in its Annual Report to Shareholders, but publishes a separate Report for CSR (The Goodyear Tire Rubber Company, 2009), as available on the companys website. This Report outlines four stakeholders namely, Consumers, Associates, Environment and Communities.Both companies give a high level of importance to Employee teaching and development through various initiativ es, and the creation of a safe working environment with almost cipher injuries. Equal emphasis is directed to customer focus in the Continental BASICS (Continental Corporation, 2010)and the Goodyear CSR report (The Goodyear Tire Rubber Company, 2009).With regards to environmental protection, both Continental and Goodyear have comprehensive policies for sustainable and trustworthy behaviour. Continental reports on its Carbon Management activities in its annual report giving detailed information of its efforts to contain its Environmental impact. Goodyear reports its Environmental Impact in the CSR Report and highlights its Energy and Water Efficiency in its Manufacturing processes. In addition Goodyear emphasises the Environmental friendliness of its products by focusing on fuel efficient tires and its prototype tire manufactured from renewable biomass.It is also observed that Goodyear has a more focused Community Engagement Policy in the areas that it operates. This includes visi ble support of charities through its aerial blimp, support for education, disaster relief and road safety campaigns. Whereas at Continental this facet is not very prominent and is limited to its Formula Student and Ambassador bringing up and education programs.Effectiveness of Functional, Organisational and Corporate structures in unleashing Managers Entrepreneurial Energy.The Functional structure in place at Continental AG in 1991 is explained in the case study and displayed in the illustration below.Functional social structure of Continental AG in 1991Distelzweig, 2006 argues that the running(a) structure as was in place in 1991 has discrete advantages and disadvantages. The advantages say in this structure are efficiency and skill development, and the disadvantages being the creation of a narrow departmental focus at the cost larger organisational goals, and the challenge of coordinating geographically dispersed locations under the same function.This structure took a consider able toll on management time and resources in overseeing day to day operational activities as elaborated by Bartlett and Ghoshal (1995).Given the scenario at Continental, this structure was largely focused on tasks and control, with individual units having minimum autonomy. Such a situation of top-down control resulted in discouraging the development and cultivation of Entrepreneurship in Continental.Organisational structure of tire operations in 1992The metamorphosis of Continental AG from functional departmentalisation as described above to an Organisational model (also referred to as segmentational or Multidivisional model) was initiated by Dr von Grunberg as he took the lead fictitious character as chairman of the Executive Board. The earliest transformation noted in the case study is the realignment of the Production and Marketing sections of Tyres, into Passenger and Commercial Tires. This reassignment along the lines of Product Division allowed mangers to take responsibilit y for their respective Product and consequently Market segment.This structure evidences visible improvements over the functional structure as elaborated by Distelzweig (2006) in offering the divisional managers autonomy for their unit but may create some duplication of efforts if key functional tasks defined above.Bartlett Ghoshal, 1995 discuss that this structure freed up time and resources of senior managers to engage in strategic activities, but argue that this structure was ineffective to generate and nurture new business opportunities internally. As each division in the organisation became separately responsible for its revenue stream and profitability, new ventures were seen as unjustifiable capital and human resource costs, thus discouraged. Thus, necessitating growth through expansion and acquisition.This structure is seen to encourage a limited level of Entrepreneurship among unit managers, but given the cost justification argued above still limits the extent to which th is energy can be unleashed.Corporate structure of Continental AG in2001At the turn of the century as Dr von Grunberg was handing over the reins of Continental AG the structure at the Company had evolved to the corporate model described in the case study and portrayed below. This model was meant to maximise the utilisation of Entrepreneurial talent and energy in the company and drive it through continued profitability, which had been achieved through an impressive turn around in the last decade.Bartlett and Ghoshal (1995) recommend that for a company to sustain its growth in the current times, an emergent management approach is required. This approach is comprised of a three coordinated core processes, namely Entrepreneurial, Integration and transposition Processes. The Corporate structure at Continental AG is in alignment with this model.The Entrepreneurial Process is visible in the revised structure by giving each business unit sufficient autonomy and creative space to identify a nd exploit opportunities. The creation of a Strategic Technology unit is a key factor in the desegregation Process and enables diverse business units to collaborate towards making Continental a trendsetter in the automotive Industry. The Renewal Process comprising of rationalisation and revitalisation aspects, where mind sets and ingrained cultures are challenged are evidences in the departure for a hypercaution towards a willingness to take risks in business.In conclusion, Schuler (1986) states that successful Corporate Entrepreneurship involves two importan factors, organisational structure and human resources. Human resources foster and facilitate innovation and entrepreneurship and to sustain this requires flexible organisational structures and policies. This has been continuously improved and optimally enabled in the evolution of the structure through functional, organisational and finally the corporate structure at Continental AG.3.2 Evaluating the effectiveness of Dr. Stepha n Kessels leadership skills.Thompson and Martin (2005) explain that the qualities and skills of an effective leader are broadly classified in three categories, nonplus, Judgement and Influence. Drive combines motivation, emulation and ability. Judgement includes decision making, opportunity spotting, problem framing and analytical skills. Influence encompasses the effect on peoples behaviours, networks and contacts. In addition to the above categories, De Vries (1996) discusses that leaders require architectural and charismatic skills to enable them be effective in their organisations.Dr. Kessel was appointed to head the then loss making Original Equipment unit of passenger tires in 1995, and responsible for the return to profitability of this unit. He was later to run the Commercial tire unit form 1997 and was appointed to the Executive Board. He was appointed Chairman of the Executive Board in June 1999 and relinquished his position in kinsfolk 2001. (Continental Corporation, 2 001)The meteoric career, but short stint at the helm of the organisation as viewed through the lens of the above considerations may be evaluated as a mixed bag of success and disappointments.Assessing the Drive of Dr. Kessel, it is found that his ambition and ability are reasonably successful with his leading the Original Equipment passenger tire division to profitability and his subsequent success at the Commercial tire division, coupled with his tenure on the Executive Board. Murphy (2001) also opines that his acquisition plans may be termed as too ambitious, thus being a damper on his leadership.In evaluating his Judgment skills, Dr. Kessels decision making and opportunity skills are an skill in the earlier tenure of his leadership. His commitment to continue on the path of Innovation set by his predecessor Dr. von Grunberg and cultivating Entrepreneurship in the management of Continental AG are visible landmarks. However, his subsequent decision (not cover in the case study) to sell off the Conti Tech division, which was unsuccessful and contributed his departure from Continental may be viewed as a let-down. (Murphy, 2001)Dr. Kessels departure as announced on the Continental Website on 11th September 2009 was explained asMeeting today, the Supervisory Board of Continental AG, Hanover, appointed Manfred Wennemer (53) Chairman of the Executive Board. Wennemer replaces Dr. Stephan Kessel (47), who immediately relinquishes his rear end on the Executive Board over differences concerning the strategic orientation of the corporation. Kessel is departing from the company on very fond terms. (Continental Corporation, 2001)The specific mention of differences in strategic orientation, while partly reflecting on the Judgement criteria, can be viewed as failure to Influence the Supervisory and Boards to align themselves with his strategic direction. This was an irreconcilable difference and leaves the Influence luck of Dr. Kessels leadership largely wanting.A Tire Industry publication (Tyre Industry Publications Ltd, 2001)also elaborates the growing differences of opinion between Dr. Kessel and his predecessor, Dr. von Grunberg, who at that point in time was Chairman of the Supervisory Board (which is mandated to appoint and replace Executive Board Members). This may also be measured as a shortfall in the Influencing ability of Dr. Kessel.In conclusion, using De Vries (1196) criterion it may be summarised that Dr. Kessel was considerably successful in his Architectural role in designing and running profitable units and the Organisation as a whole, his Charismatic role and ability fell short of what was required at Continental AG in 2001.